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Retrospective single-center study of 87 patients identifying progression patterns as prognostic factors for post-progression survival in CDK4/6-inhibitor-treated HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer, with statistically significant hazard ratios for visceral and liver progression but limited by design and sample size.
Real-world observational study reporting descriptive testing patterns and mutation prevalence without a comparator or causal inference; provides practice-relevant epidemiology but limited mechanistic or interventional evidence.
This is a narrative review synthesizing mechanistic concepts and therapeutic rationales without reporting primary empirical findings, clinical trial data, or comparative evidence from original research.
A systematic review synthesizing retrospective and prospective evidence to inform clinical decision-making about locoregional surgery in de-novo stage IV breast cancer, concluding routine surgery is not recommended except for bone-only metastases.
Retrospective single-center cohort confirming that CDK4/6 inhibitors with endocrine therapy produce PFS and OS outcomes consistent with pivotal trials in HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer, but lacks the design rigor and sample size for practice guidance beyond established use.
A randomized controlled trial with a clear efficacy signal (higher ORR and pCR with dual-targeted therapy) and favorable tumor marker reduction, but with surrogate endpoints and no hard clinical outcomes reported.
This is a mechanistic study using cell lines, animal models, and patient specimens to explore a signaling pathway; it raises questions about UGDH/GPR30 in estrogen-responsive breast cancer but does not report clinical outcomes or hard endpoints that would support practice change.
Large retrospective cohort study with robust sample size documenting disparities in breast cancer presentation and treatment patterns between ethnic groups, with clear survival outcomes but relying on observational data and administrative records rather than experimental evidence.