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Cancer Treatment and Pharmacology / Breast Cancer Treatment Studies / Breast Lesions and Carcinomas · Journal article
Advanced Medical Journal · September 4, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This retrospective single-centre study reports outcomes in 141 breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, stratified by tumour histology, surgical approach, and receptor status. Associations with survival are noted (invasive ductal carcinoma, breast-conserving surgery, post-chemotherapy staging) and pathological complete response (40% in triple-negative disease) but lack effect sizes, confidence intervals, or prospective comparators; findings are descriptive and hypothesis-generating rather than definitive.
Retrospective cohort study. 141 patients with primary, non-metastatic breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy; setting: Azadi Hematology Oncology Center, Duhok/Kurdistan region of Iraq.. Intervention: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (dose, regimen, and duration not specified in text).. n = 141. Single centre: Azadi Hematology Oncology Center, Duhok/Kurdistan region of Iraq..
Invasive ductal carcinoma showed significantly better survival than invasive lobular carcinoma (P = 0.008) Breast-conserving surgery and axillary treatment associated with better survival (p < 0.0001) Post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy staging influenced outcomes (p < 0.0001)
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This descriptive study provides single-centre observational data on survival associations and pathological responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy but does not establish causality or provide effect estimates suitable for clinical decision-making. Findings require prospective validation and comparison with contemporary cohorts before informing practice.
Single-centre retrospective study of 141 patients with observational outcomes; no randomised comparator, no prospective design, and no hard clinical endpoints with effect sizes reported.
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This descriptive study provides single-centre observational data on survival associations and pathological responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy but does not establish causality or provide effect estimates suitable for clinical decision-making. Findings require prospective validation and comparison with contemporary cohorts before informing practice.
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Background and objectives: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has become a commonly used method of treatment for individuals diagnosed with breast cancer. It involves administering it before surgery or radiation therapy, aiming to shrink tumors and possibly enhance surgical results. This study evaluates the impact of Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in improving patient care and making treatment decisions. Methods: This retrospective study included reviewing the medical records of 141 patients with prespecified eligible inclusion criteria who were diagnosed with primary, non-metastatic breast cancer who received Neoadjuvant chemotherapy at the Azadi Hematology Oncology Center in the Duhok/Kurdistan region of Iraq between 2014 and 2023. Clinicopathological data, treatment details, and patient outcomes were collected from the institute's medical records. The data was collected and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results: Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients with invasive ductal carcinoma demonstrated significantly better survival outcomes compared to those with invasive lobular carcinoma, as indicated by a higher censored rate with statistically significant (P = 0.008). Breast-conserving surgery and axillary treatment were associated with better survival (p < 0.0001), and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy staging influenced outcomes (p < 0.0001). Triple-negative breast cancer showed the highest pathological complete response rate (40%). Conclusions: This study concluded that Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is reasonable treatment for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 positive and triple-negative non-metastatic breast cancer. This study found that breast-conserving surgery was associated with better outcomes compared to mastectomy as most patients were included in this study were eligible for this type of surgery based on the already established criteria.
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