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Pneumococcal Vaccines / Influenza Vaccines / Respiratory Tract Infections · Journal article
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · June 29, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This retrospective audit of 133 children with cystic fibrosis in Tuscany documents high coverage for mandatory vaccines (Hib 98.5%, pertussis) and pneumococcal vaccination (97% complete primary series), but suboptimal uptake of influenza (peaked 79.6% in 2020–2021, then declined) and COVID-19 vaccination (50.3% received ≥2 doses; 0% under age 7). The findings identify a gap between guideline recommendations and actual practice but do not establish why parents declined vaccination or test interventions to improve coverage.
Retrospective cohort study. Children with cystic fibrosis (cwCF) in regular follow-up at the Regional Reference Center of Tuscany. n = 133. Tuscany, Italy; single centre.
Mandatory Hib and pertussis vaccination: 131 out of 133 cwCF (98.5%) regularly vaccinated Pneumococcal vaccination: 97% of cwCF received complete primary series Influenza vaccination coverage peaked at 79.6% in 2020–2021, then declined across all age groups
Safety was not reported in the material analysed. Check the source before drawing any conclusion about harm.
Clinicians managing CF children in similar settings should recognize that influenza and COVID-19 vaccination uptake remains below authority targets and may require additional education, outreach, or systems-level support to improve coverage. The audit does not identify barriers or test interventions, so implementation strategy remains to be determined.
Single-center retrospective audit of vaccination coverage in a regional CF cohort; documents suboptimal uptake for influenza and COVID-19 but lacks comparative design, causal analysis, or intervention testing to support practice change.
As stated by the source record.
Quoted from the source exactly as published.
Clinicians managing CF children in similar settings should recognize that influenza and COVID-19 vaccination uptake remains below authority targets and may require additional education, outreach, or systems-level support to improve coverage. The audit does not identify barriers or test interventions, so implementation strategy remains to be determined.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
Advances in standards of care and the recent introduction of Cystic Fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators have significantly improved the prognosis for individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). Prevention of respiratory infections in children with cystic fibrosis (cwCF) remains a cornerstone of treatment. Health authorities recommend both mandatory and non-mandatory vaccinations. This retrospective study aims to analyze compliance with the free vaccination program for preventable respiratory diseases in cwCF. This retrospective study assessed compliance with mandatory (H. influenzae type B, Bordetella pertussis) and non-mandatory (S. pneumoniae, COVID-19, Influenza) vaccinations for preventable respiratory diseases in cwCF in regular follow-up at the Regional Reference Center of Tuscany. Regarding mandatory vaccination, 131 (98.5%) out of 133 cwCF were regularly vaccinated, showing good coverage for Haemophilus influenzae type b(Hib). Influenza vaccination coverage peaked during the COVID-19 pandemic, reaching 79.6% in 2020-2021, then declined in the post-pandemic period across all age groups. For pneumococcal vaccination, 97% of cwCF received a complete primary series. Regarding COVID-19 vaccination, 67 (50.3%) out of 133 cwCF received at least two doses; no patients under 7 y were vaccinated. Coverage for pneumococcal and Hib vaccines was excellent. Conversely, Influenza and COVID-19 vaccinations had coverage below the targets set by health authorities. Further studies are needed to understand parental reasons for non-compliance and to develop strategies to increase Influenza and COVID-19 vaccination coverage in this high-risk cohort.
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