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Urinary Tract Infections Management · Journal article
Urogenital Tract Infection · August 28, 2026
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This is a large descriptive epidemiologic study reporting age, sex, and regional prevalence patterns of acute cystitis, pyelonephritis, and urinary tract infection in South Korea from 2010 to 2024. The data are sourced from administrative billing codes and describe trends and demographic associations but do not test interventions or establish causal mechanisms. The findings suggest sex and age are strong determinants of UTI epidemiology, with distinct spikes in young women and elderly men warranting targeted public health investigation.
Retrospective cohort study using administrative health database. All individuals covered by South Korean national health insurance with recorded diagnoses of APN, AC, or UTI between 2010 and 2024; no stated eligibility criteria or exclusions. South Korea, with regional subanalysis by state (Gangwon, Jeju, and others implied).
Average annual prevalence per 100,000: APN 344.4, AC 2,250.2, UTI 619.1 AC showed male-to-female ratio of 1:20.4, the highest sex disparity among conditions studied APN prevalence increased 3.06-fold in females transitioning from ages 15–19 to 20–24
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This descriptive epidemiology suggests that clinical and public health strategies for UTI should be tailored by age and sex, with heightened attention to young women (possibly sex-activity-related) and elderly men (possibly prostate-related). Clinicians should recognize the marked female predominance in acute cystitis and regional variation when assessing population disease burden.
Large descriptive epidemiologic study using administrative data with no comparator or intervention; provides prevalence trends and demographic patterns but lacks analytical depth, causal inference, or clinical outcomes.
As stated by the source record.
Quoted from the source exactly as published.
This descriptive epidemiology suggests that clinical and public health strategies for UTI should be tailored by age and sex, with heightened attention to young women (possibly sex-activity-related) and elderly men (possibly prostate-related). Clinicians should recognize the marked female predominance in acute cystitis and regional variation when assessing population disease burden.
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Purpose: This study aims to investigate the long-term prevalence trends and epidemiological characteristics of acute pyelonephritis (APN), acute cystitis (AC), and other urinary tract infections (UTIs) in South Korea using nationwide big data.Materials and Methods: Data for ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision) codes N10.0 (APN), N30.0 (AC), and N39.0 (UTI) were extracted from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database from 2010 to 2024. Annual prevalence per 100,000 persons, sex and age-specific distribution, regional variations, and hospitalization/outpatient patterns were analyzed.Results: The average annual prevalence per 100,000 was 344.4 for APN, 2,250.2 for AC, and 619.1 for UTI. AC reached its highest prevalence in 2024, despite a temporary decline in 2020. All conditions were more prevalent in females, with AC showing the highest male-to-female ratio of 1:20.4. A sharp 3.06-fold increase in APN prevalence was observed in females transitioning from ages 15–19 to 20–24 age group. Conversely, males showed a significant prevalence jump (1.43-fold) after age 80. In regional analysis, Gangwon State (469.5) and Jeju Special Self-Governing Province (177.9) recorded the highest and lowest APN prevalence, respectively. UTI required the longest hospitalization, while APN stays averaged 9.2 days for males and 9.0 days for females. An increase in related healthcare costs was also identified.Conclusions: Age and sex are critical determinants of UTI epidemiology. The distinct spike in young females suggests a link to sexual activity, while the surge in elderly males likely correlates with prostatic conditions. These findings provide essential data for establishing targeted public health policies and clinical guidelines.
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