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Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet / Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins / Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases · Journal article
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics · August 11, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This cross-sectional study reports that insulin resistance (HOMA-IR ≥2.5) is present in 75.2% of 165 overweight and obese children aged 5–15 years at a single tertiary centre in southern India. The finding is descriptive and observational, identifying high prevalence of a surrogate marker rather than demonstrating causation, clinical benefit, or population-level inference. The work supports early screening protocols but does not establish superiority over fasting glucose alone or show that intervention based on HOMA-IR improves outcomes.
Hospital-based cross-sectional study. Children aged 5–15 years attending a tertiary care paediatrics department in southern India who are overweight or obese. Specific eligibility criteria and exclusion criteria not stated.. Intervention: Assessment of insulin resistance using HOMA-IR (calculated from fasting blood glucose and serum insulin). n = 165. Single tertiary care centre in southern India.
Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR ≥2.5) present in 124 of 165 children (75.2%) 78.2% of children had normal fasting blood glucose levels despite high HOMA-IR prevalence Mean total cholesterol 180.2±25.9 mg/dl and triglycerides 105±34.5 mg/dl, both positively correlated with HOMA-IR (r=0.417 and r=0.511 respectively; p<0.01)
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The findings suggest that HOMA-IR screening may identify metabolic dysfunction in obese children with normal fasting glucose and support considering insulin resistance assessment in this population. However, the lack of a control group, absence of clinical outcome data, and single-centre setting limit generalisability and do not yet establish that HOMA-IR-based intervention changes prognosis.
Hospital-based cross-sectional study without control group, measuring prevalence of insulin resistance via surrogate marker (HOMA-IR) in a single tertiary centre; descriptive rather than comparative evidence.
As stated by the source record.
Quoted from the source exactly as published.
The findings suggest that HOMA-IR screening may identify metabolic dysfunction in obese children with normal fasting glucose and support considering insulin resistance assessment in this population. However, the lack of a control group, absence of clinical outcome data, and single-centre setting limit generalisability and do not yet establish that HOMA-IR-based intervention changes prognosis.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
Background: Childhood obesity is increasingly recognized as a major public health concern and is associated with insulin resistance, the underlying mechanism behind many components of metabolic syndrome. Early detection of insulin resistance may provide an opportunity for timely intervention. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a simple and validated index used to quantify insulin resistance. Methods: We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study among 165 children attending the outpatient department or admitted under the Department of Paediatrics at a tertiary care centre in southern India. Detailed history, clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory investigations were performed. Insulin resistance was assessed using HOMA-IR, with a value ≥2.5 considered indicative of insulin resistance. Results: Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR≥2.5) was present in 124 (75.2%) children. Significant associations were observed between insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans, and a positive family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although 78.2% of children had normal fasting blood glucose levels, a substantial proportion exhibited insulin resistance. Mean total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were 180.2±25.9 mg/dl and 105±34.5 mg/dl, respectively, and both showed significant positive correlations with HOMA-IR (r=0.417 and r=0.511, respectively; p<0.01). Conclusions: Insulin resistance is highly prevalent among overweight and obese children and may precede overt abnormalities in blood glucose. Reliance on fasting blood glucose alone may underestimate the burden of metabolic dysfunction. Early identification using HOMA-IR may facilitate timely lifestyle interventions during a potentially reversible stage and help prevent future metabolic complications.
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