SEP 1, 2026 · REVIEW
Mapping Wastewater Pathogens and Their Associated Environmental and Public Health Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
A rigorous systematic review and meta-analysis of 39 peer-reviewed studies that confirms wastewater-based epidemiology as a viable public health surveillance tool, with pooled prevalence estimates and regional variation, but does not establish a new practice standard or clinical intervention.
Reported
Pooled pathogen detection prevale…62%
95% CI for pooled prevalence47.5-74.6%
European Region prevalence73%