Cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome represents a systemic disease continuum arising from the progressive and reciprocal interactions among metabolic dysfunction, kidney
Bladder cancer remains a prevalent and lethal urinary malignancy, characterized by high recurrence rates and persistently poor prognosis for muscle-invasive disease. This clinical
The development and treatment response of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) are jointly shaped by tumour cell-intrinsic features and the tumour immune microenvironment
The fibrotic subtype of the tumor microenvironment characterized by epithelial-mesenchymal transition, fibrosis, angiogenesis and immune exclusion, predicts poor outcomes across di
Induced pluripotent stem cell technology holds great promise for cancer research and immunotherapy. iPSCs possess pluripotency and unlimited self-renewal capacity, enabling their d
Introduction Cancer immunotherapies require accurate preclinical models that recapitulate the complex cellular interactions within the human tumor microenvironment. While patient-d
Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a heterogeneous and rapidly changing biological pool derived from malignant cells, normal tissues, and hematopoietic cells. The abundance and molecu
Cancer cell plasticity enables tumor cells to dynamically transition between diverse phenotypic states, including epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity stemness, dormancy, lineage swit