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Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications / Nanoplatforms for Cancer Theranostics · Journal article
Advanced Functional Materials · September 4, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This preclinical study presents a novel fluorescence-free surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering nanoparticle designed for intraoperative tumor imaging and postsurgical photothermal immunotherapy in a mouse TNBC model. The probe demonstrates improved optical properties (ultralow detection limit 95 fM, signal-to-background ratio 22.6 in vivo) and high photothermal conversion efficiency (63.9%) compared to conventional fluorescent probes, and achieved tumor margin delineation and suppression of metastasis when combined with anti-PD-1 antibody in mice. This represents early-stage validation that requires substantial further development before clinical translation.
Preclinical in vivo proof-of-concept study in murine TNBC model. Mice with triple negative breast cancer tumors; primary tumor and distal lung metastasis models.. Intervention: Fluorescence-free SERRS nanoparticles (CXCR4-targeted) combined with intraoperative near-infrared irradiation and postsurgical anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody and photothermal therapy..
Fluorescence-free SERRS nanoparticles achieved an ultralow detection limit of 95 fM and ultrahigh in vitro signal-to-background ratio of 69.9 Targeted SERRS nanoparticles achieved an in vivo signal-to-background ratio of 22.6 for tumor margin delineation Photothermal conversion efficiency reached 63.9%, attributed to quencher-plasmon interactions
No human data; animal model findings do not guarantee clinical efficacy or safety. Optimal dosing, timing of therapy, durability of response, and off-target toxicity not addressed.
This work is at an experimental stage and should not inform clinical practice. Clinicians and researchers should view this as an exploratory tool development study that may inform future directions in surgical imaging and adjuvant immunotherapy, pending substantial preclinical optimization, safety studies, and eventual first-in-human trials.
This is an early-stage preclinical study demonstrating proof-of-concept for a novel theranostic nanoparticle in mouse models of TNBC, with no human data, no clinical outcomes, and no comparison to standard surgical or immunotherapeutic approaches.
As stated by the source record.
Quoted from the source exactly as published.
This work is at an experimental stage and should not inform clinical practice. Clinicians and researchers should view this as an exploratory tool development study that may inform future directions in surgical imaging and adjuvant immunotherapy, pending substantial preclinical optimization, safety studies, and eventual first-in-human trials.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
ABSTRACT Surgical resection of the primary tumor and simultaneous postsurgical adjuvant therapy for undetected metastases are the gold standard for the treatment of metastatic triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Although near‐infrared fluorescent imaging/theranostic probes are widely used for TNBC, they suffer from photobleaching, low signal‐to‐background ratio, and insufficient photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE). To overcome these barriers, we developed a fluorescence‐free near‐infrared imaging probe that combines surface‐enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS)‐guided surgery with photothermal immunotherapy. Two black hole quenchers (Q820/Q920) with near‐zero fluorescence background were designed and used to modify gold nanorods, yielding fluorescence‐free SERRS nanoparticles (NPs) with outstanding performance, including an ultralow detection limit (95 fM), ultrahigh signal‐to‐background ratio (69.9) in vitro and remarkable photostability, outperforming conventional fluorescent counterparts. Notably, these fluorescence‐free SERRS NPs exhibited a synergistic photothermal effect arising from quencher‐plasmon interactions, achieving a high PCE of 63.9%. Functionalized with a CXCR4 antagonist, the targeted SERRS NPs allow for intraoperative delineation of the tumor margin with an ultrahigh signal‐to‐background ratio of 22.6 for complete resection of the primary TNBC tumor. Combined with anti‐PD‐1 monoclonal antibody, the SERRS NPs effectively eliminated residual lesions and suppressed distal lung metastasis in vivo postoperatively through the synergy of photothermal ablation and immune activation.
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