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In vitro proof-of-concept study of a novel nanomaterial showing biocompatibility and physical properties favourable for dual PDT/PTT, but no efficacy data, no in vivo work, and no comparison to standard therapies.
This is a narrative review synthesizing preclinical and early-stage evidence on green-synthesized nanomaterials for kidney cancer, raising mechanistic questions rather than reporting clinical trial data or definitive efficacy.
A narrative review summarizing current evidence on CD73-adenosine biology and therapeutic strategies in NSCLC, without new primary data or meta-analysis.
Preclinical study in murine tumor model with surrogate endpoints (macrophage polarization, cytokine profile, cardiac markers) and no human data; promising mechanistic approach but requires clinical validation.
Preclinical proof-of-concept study in cell and mouse models of a novel nanoparticle platform; no human data, efficacy metrics lack quantitative comparison to standard therapy, and no phase 1 translation reported.
A narrative review synthesizing preclinical mechanistic work and emerging nanoplatform designs, not reporting original clinical or trial data, and explicitly stating that clinical translation remains challenged and further studies are required.
This is a mechanistic minireview that examines nanotoxicity pathways and mitigation strategies in cancer therapy without presenting new experimental data or clinical evidence, making it exploratory rather than confirmatory or practice-changing.
Preclinical proof-of-concept study demonstrating a novel nanoplatform mechanism in cell and animal models, without human efficacy data or direct comparison to standard therapy.