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Life sciences · Journal article
Frontiers in Medicine · August 7, 2026
A consensus or society position rather than new primary data.
This is a narrative review evaluating systemic inflammatory biomarkers (NLR, PLR, LMR, SII) in GERD. The source acknowledges that while clinical studies suggest these hematological indices may associate with GERD presence, severity, and endoscopic phenotypes, reported values remain inconsistent and clinical utility has not yet been clearly established.
Narrative review. Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease across published clinical studies (unspecified aggregate).
Hematological inflammatory indices (NLR, PLR, LMR, SII) have been investigated as indicators of systemic inflammation in GERD Clinical studies suggest these biomarkers may be associated with GERD presence, endoscopic phenotypes, and disease severity Reported values and cutoff thresholds for these biomarkers remain inconsistent across studies
Safety was not reported in the material analysed. Check the source before drawing any conclusion about harm.
Clinicians should recognize that while inflammatory biomarkers show potential mechanistic relevance in GERD, the inconsistency of reported values and absence of established clinical utility mean these biomarkers are not yet ready for routine clinical decision-making. Further standardized research is needed before adoption into practice.
A narrative review synthesizing current evidence on inflammatory biomarkers in GERD, identifying inconsistent findings and acknowledging that clinical utility remains unestablished, serving as expert guidance on the state of the field rather than reporting new primary data.
As stated by the source record.
Clinicians should recognize that while inflammatory biomarkers show potential mechanistic relevance in GERD, the inconsistency of reported values and absence of established clinical utility mean these biomarkers are not yet ready for routine clinical decision-making. Further standardized research is needed before adoption into practice.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
What is missing. This record has no reported figures. That is a gap in the analysis, not a judgement about the study.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects a large proportion of the population and is associated with impaired quality of life and increased healthcare utilization. Although GERD has traditionally been attributed to excessive reflux and dysfunction of the anti-reflux barrier, growing evidence indicates that inflammatory and immune-related processes also contribute to symptom development, mucosal injury, and disease progression. Accordingly, peripheral blood-derived inflammatory biomarkers, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), have been investigated as simple and readily available indicators of systemic inflammation. Clinical studies have suggested that these hematological indices may be associated with the presence of GERD, endoscopic phenotypes, and disease severity, although reported values and cutoff thresholds remain inconsistent. In addition, chronic low-grade inflammation, impaired epithelial barrier function, obesity-associated metabolic inflammation, and alterations in the microbiome are increasingly recognized as interacting mechanisms that may influence both local esophageal injury and systemic inflammatory responses. However, published findings remain inconsistent, and the clinical utility of these biomarkers has yet to be clearly established. This review provides an overview of the inflammatory mechanisms involved in GERD and evaluates current evidence regarding the potential role of hematological inflammatory biomarkers in clinical practice. Their strengths, current limitations, and priorities for future research are also discussed.
Taken from the source record, never inferred. Follow any of these and new work involving them reaches your briefing.