Loading
Nanoplatforms for Cancer Theranostics · Journal article
Biotechnology and Bioengineering · August 10, 2026
A consensus or society position rather than new primary data.
This is a comprehensive narrative review synthesizing the evolution of biomaterials from passive structural components to bioactive immunomodulatory platforms, with emphasis on mechanistic principles of immune engineering and emerging translational applications. The work serves as a state-of-the-art reference integrating materials science, immunology, and bioengineering but does not present original experimental data or systematic evidence quantification.
Narrative review.
Biomaterials now function as bioactive therapeutic platforms capable of regulating host immune responses rather than passive structural components Biomaterial properties including surface chemistry, topography, stiffness, and degradation behavior regulate innate and adaptive immune responses through macrophage polarization, dendritic cell activation, and T-cell modulation Applications span tissue engineering, wound healing, controlled drug delivery, cancer immunotherapy, vaccine development, and personalized medicine
Safety was not reported in the material analysed. Check the source before drawing any conclusion about harm.
This review provides clinicians and researchers with a consolidated framework for understanding how biomaterial design principles can rationally direct immune responses in regenerative medicine applications, offering guidance for material selection and rational design of next-generation therapeutic platforms.
A comprehensive review article synthesizing principles, mechanisms, and applications of immunomodulatory biomaterials across regenerative medicine, serving as a state-of-the-art reference rather than reporting original experimental evidence.
As stated by the source record.
This review provides clinicians and researchers with a consolidated framework for understanding how biomaterial design principles can rationally direct immune responses in regenerative medicine applications, offering guidance for material selection and rational design of next-generation therapeutic platforms.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
What is missing. This record has no reported figures. That is a gap in the analysis, not a judgement about the study.
ABSTRACT Biomaterials have undergone a remarkable transformation from passive structural components to bioactive therapeutic platforms capable of regulating complex biological processes and orchestrating host immune responses. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental principles, recent advances, and future perspectives of immunomodulatory biomaterials, emphasizing their expanding role in regenerative medicine and therapeutic applications. Initially, the major classes of biomaterials, including metallic, ceramic, polymeric, and composite systems, are systematically examined with respect to their physicochemical characteristics, biological functions, advantages, limitations, and clinical relevance. The review further explores the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying biomaterial–host interactions, including protein adsorption, cell adhesion, mechanotransduction, immune activation, foreign body responses, biofilm formation, and tissue integration. Particular emphasis is placed on the emerging concept of immunoengineering, highlighting how biomaterial properties such as surface chemistry, topography, stiffness, degradation behavior, and biofunctionalization can regulate innate and adaptive immune responses through macrophage polarization, dendritic cell activation, and T‐cell modulation. Recent developments in smart and stimuli‐responsive biomaterials, nanotechnology, surface engineering, extracellular matrix‐inspired systems, and bioactive molecule delivery are critically discussed for their ability to create pro‐regenerative immune microenvironments and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, current and emerging applications in tissue engineering, wound healing, controlled drug delivery, cancer immunotherapy, vaccine development, and personalized medicine are reviewed to demonstrate the broad translational potential of next‐generation biomaterials. Finally, key challenges associated with long‐term biocompatibility, immune variability, biodegradation, infection control, regulatory standardization, manufacturing scalability, and clinical translation are critically evaluated. By integrating advances in materials science, immunology, nanotechnology, and bioengineering, this review highlights immunomodulatory biomaterials as intelligent therapeutic platforms that actively direct immune responses and offers future perspectives for the rational design of personalized and clinically translatable biomaterial systems.
Taken from the source record, never inferred. Follow any of these and new work involving them reaches your briefing.