SEP 10, 2026 · JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ciprofol induces ferroptosis and enhances anti-PD-1 efficacy via USP1-mediated GPX4 ubiquitination in hepatocellular carcinoma
Biology Direct
Mechanistic preclinical study with in vitro and mouse models showing ciprofol induces ferroptosis and enhances anti-PD-1 efficacy in HCC; no human clinical data or phase 1 trial reported, limiting evidence strength despite sound experimental design.
Reported
IC₅₀ (Huh-7)43.7 µM
IC₅₀ (MHCC97-H)36.4 µM
Binding affinity (USP1 Kd)1.5 µM