SEP 4, 2026 · PREPRINT
GNN-Guided Graph Coarsening and Adaptive QUBO Penalties for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows on a Quantum Annealer
arXiv
Early-stage algorithmic work combining GNN-guided heuristics with quantum annealing on a benchmark set; no peer review, no comparison to established classical baselines for solution quality, and limited to proof-of-concept feasibility metrics.
Reported
Mean raw constraint violations (p…33.0 to 0.06
p-value (penalty calibration impr…3.7e-11
Sample size (penalty calibration)56