Background: Ultra-processed foods, defined in the NOVA system as industrial formulations made largely from food-derived substances and additives, are common in modern diets. Their
Abstract Background: Metabolic syndrome is a major public health concern associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. The ketogenic diet has gained increasing attent
Background: Shift work, particularly night work, is associated with circadian misalignment, sleep disruption, and impaired physiological recovery. Previous studies have suggested l
Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection from a fatal disease into a manageable chronic condition; consequently, the po
Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial disease with escalating global prevalence, associated with profound metabolic, cardiovascular, and oncological comorbidities. The recent emerge
Iron deficiency without anemia (IDWA) represents a hidden yet prevalent condition that disrupts fundamental physiological processes long before classical pre-anemia becomes apparen
A narrative review synthesizing mechanisms and clinical evidence for SGLT2 inhibitors across multiple conditions, without original data or meta-analysis; serves an educational and expert-consensus role.
A narrative review of mechanistic pathways and preliminary clinical observations that raises questions about ketogenic diet potential rather than answering them with controlled trial evidence.