This is a narrative review proposing conceptual frameworks for nanoparticle-mediated CRISPR delivery; it does not report primary experimental data, efficacy outcomes, or comparative evidence.
Preclinical proof-of-concept in cell and animal models showing a novel nanoparticle formulation induces ferroptosis and tumor inhibition, but lacks human efficacy data, safety characterization, and direct comparator controls.
This is a narrative review synthesizing preclinical and emerging evidence on copper-based nanoplatforms; no original experimental data, clinical trials, or comparative efficacy data are presented.
Preclinical in vitro and in vivo study of a novel nanoplatform in experimental models; no clinical trials or human data reported; mechanism-focused work showing promise but not yet tested in patients.
Preclinical murine model study demonstrates nanoplatform remodels tumor microenvironment and enhances immune checkpoint blockade efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer.
In vitro cell culture study demonstrating enhanced GLP-1R activation by peptide-functionalized nanoemulsions with no clinical or in vivo efficacy data.
Preclinical cellular assay data demonstrating targeted drug delivery and imaging in breast cancer cells with promising uptake and cytotoxicity results.