A descriptive cross-sectional mixed-methods study mapping advertising exposure and perceptions in a single country; lacks a comparator, control group, or quantified health outcome, and is the first to characterize this landscape in Senegal.
Qualitative phenomenological study with thematic analysis exploring maternal psychosocial experiences in urban slums; descriptive findings without quantitative effect sizes or comparative outcomes.
An integrative PhD synthesis combining two small observational studies in India with two systematic reviews on related topics, providing direct evidence of limited scope and indirect contextual evidence, but lacking a unified prospective design or definitive hard outcomes to guide practice change.
This is a study protocol describing planned mixed-methods research; no results or data are reported, only the design and methodology for a future comparative study.
A cross-sectional descriptive clustering analysis identifying co-occurrence patterns of NCD risk factors without a comparator, control group, or causal inference; informs population phenotyping but does not test an intervention or establish practice-changing evidence.
Time series analysis with distributed-lag modelling identifies temperature–rotavirus associations in Bangladesh with regional heterogeneity, but lacks a comparator arm and relies on observational data with acknowledged uncertainty in out-of-range projections.
Cross-sectional survey of 600 refugees confirms expected high food insecurity prevalence with quantified associations across climatic and demographic factors.