Background Treatment options for refractory gastric cancer are limited. Preclinical data suggest interplay between angiogenesis and immune regulation, with vascular endothelial gro
Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) remains a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, with substantial geographic variation and marked inter- and intratumoral heterogeneit
Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive biliary malignancy with increasing incidence and poor prognosis. Although traditionally considered a disease of older adults, e
Background Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) often present late due to nonspecific symptoms and a lack of effective population screening. We characterised diagnostic routes, symptom-to-
Rigorous meta-analysis of 25 studies with adequate pooled sample sizes quantifies clinically meaningful spatial heterogeneity in Claudin-18.2 expression, with clear implications for specimen selection in targeted therapy decisions.
This is an expert panel discussion on practical management of adverse effects from a specific therapy, not a study reporting original evidence on efficacy or safety.