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Life sciences · Journal article
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma · September 30, 2026
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Background: Hypertension is a major public health concern and an important contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Increasing evidence indicates that excess body weight is associated with elevated blood pressure through metabolic and hemodynamic mechanisms, particularly in populations undergoing rapid lifestyle and nutritional transitions. However, evidence regarding the association between body mass index (BMI) and hypertension among younger and working-age adults in Indonesian hospital settings remains limited. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between BMI and hypertension among individuals aged 15–64 years attending the cardiology outpatient clinic at Bhayangkara H. S. Samsoeri Mertojoso Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: Sixty participants were incorporated in a cross-sectional investigation utilizing retrospective medical record data. The BMI was determined and categorized following WHO Asia-Pacific guidelines, whereas hypertension was defined based on JNC 8 criteria. Result: The Chi-square test indicated a significant correlation between BMI and hypertension status (p = 0.025). Individuals categorized as overweight or obese exhibited a significantly elevated incidence of hypertension, with 65% of those in the overweight group identified as hypertensive. Conclusion: BMI was significantly associated with hypertension among patients aged 15–64 years attending the cardiology outpatient clinic. These findings support the use of BMI assessment as a simple screening measure to identify individuals who may require further blood pressure monitoring and early lifestyle intervention. This study was limited by its cross-sectional retrospective design, relatively small sample size, and single-center setting, which restrict causal inference and generalizability.