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Life sciences · Journal article
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology · October 11, 2026
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Colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer related deaths worldwide, according to global statistics. Currently, several therapeutic strategies are employed in cancer treatment, including surgical intervention, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy using smart drugs. Depending on the type and stage of cancer, these treatment modalities may be used either as monotherapy or in combination to improve therapeutic efficacy. The drugs used in chemotherapy are synthetic chemicals; they can cause a range of side effects, and cancer cells may develop resistance to these drugs over time. Therefore, in recent years, biotoxins isolated from animal venoms have been considered a promising new approach for cancer treatment. In colon cancer cells treated with venom and soluble telson extract, the levels of the apoptosis-regulating proteins Bcl-2, Bax and caspase have been examined in detail for the first time using immunohistochemical methods. In this study, crude venom and soluble telson extracts from the Euscorpius mingrelicus scorpion were applied separately to a human colon cancer cell line under in vitro conditions, and a cytotoxic effect on the cancer cells was observed. The results of the study showed that the levels of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein and the pro-apoptotic Bax protein were similar to those in the control group; however, an increase was observed in the levels of caspase enzymes, which play a significant role in the apoptosis process. These findings indicate that in cancer treatment, attention must be paid not only to the Bcl-2/Bax balance but also to caspase regulation and other apoptotic pathways. This study is significant in that it demonstrates that scorpion venoms and the toxins derived from them may serve as promising biological therapeutic agents in the fight against cancer.