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Life sciences · Journal article
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews · September 16, 2026
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This study aims to analyze the radiotherapy waiting time for nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients at Dr. Soetomo Hospital from 2022 to 2023, and to identify both external and internal factors contributing to prolonged delays in treatment initiation. A quantitative, descriptive-analytical design was employed, utilizing a retrospective review of medical records from 76 NPC patients treated at Dr. Soetomo Hospital within the specified period. Patients were selected through purposive sampling based on a confirmed diagnosis of NPC and initiation of therapy between 2022 and 2023. Data were collected across multiple stages of the treatment process, including the intervals from diagnosis to chemotherapy, CT scan, simulator, initial radiation planning, and commencement of final radiotherapy. These data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. The findings revealed substantial delays in initiating radiotherapy. A significant majority of patients (84.2%) experienced a total radiotherapy waiting time exceeding six months, with an average wait time of 289 days (approximately 10 months). The longest documented waiting period was 485 days (approximately 16 months). The most prolonged delay occurred during the interval from diagnosis to chemotherapy, averaging 211 days, with 76.3% of patients waiting more than six months at this stage alone. Further analysis identified several contributing factors. External factors included limited radiotherapy facility capacity and extended queues for CT simulation. Internal factors comprised a shortage of specialized healthcare personnel and patient-related challenges, such as fear of procedures, economic limitations, and adverse effects following chemotherapy. Together, these factors significantly impacted the timely initiation of radiotherapy among NPC patients.