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Bartonella Species Infections Research / Parasitic Infections in Humans and Animals · Journal article
BMC Infectious Diseases · August 4, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This is a case report of a 31-year-old male with neurobrucellosis presenting with intracerebral nodular lesions, a rare manifestation, who achieved complete clinical and radiological recovery with triple-antibiotic therapy (ceftriaxone, doxycycline, rifampicin). The report suggests that intracerebral lesions in NB may regress with appropriate antimicrobial treatment and emphasizes the diagnostic value of integrated clinical, serological, and radiological evaluation.
Case report. 31-year-old male livestock worker presenting to emergency department with headache, dizziness, and impaired consciousness. Intervention: Triple-antibiotic regimen: ceftriaxone, doxycycline, and rifampicin.
Patient presented with headache, dizziness, impaired consciousness for two days, preceded by 20 days of night sweats and musculoskeletal pain CSF analysis showed pleocytosis, increased protein, and decreased glucose levels Cranial MRI revealed leptomeningeal enhancement and millimeter-sized nodular lesions in the right temporal lobe
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This report alerts clinicians in endemic regions to consider neurobrucellosis in the differential diagnosis of intracerebral nodular lesions, and suggests that rapid clinical and radiological response to antibiotics may support diagnosis and reduce the need for invasive procedures such as brain biopsy.
A single case report describing a rare manifestation of neurobrucellosis with clinical and radiological follow-up, raising diagnostic awareness rather than testing a hypothesis or providing generalizable evidence.
As stated by the source record.
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This report alerts clinicians in endemic regions to consider neurobrucellosis in the differential diagnosis of intracerebral nodular lesions, and suggests that rapid clinical and radiological response to antibiotics may support diagnosis and reduce the need for invasive procedures such as brain biopsy.
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Brucellosis is a systemic disease with a wide range of clinical presentations that can mimic many infectious and non-infectious diseases. Neurobrucellosis (NB) is a significant clinical entity of brucellosis that can lead to serious neurological sequelae if appropriate treatment is not initiated after an early diagnosis. The clinical course of the disease is relatively insidious, and although it is frequently subacute or chronic, it can present with acute manifestations. We report the case of a 31-year-old male patient who presented to the emergency department with neurological symptoms and was found to have an intracerebral nodular lesion, a rare manifestation of NB. A 31-year-old male livestock worker presented to the emergency department with complaints of headache, dizziness, and impaired consciousness lasting for two days, following 20 days of night sweats and musculoskeletal pain. Initial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed pleocytosis, increased protein levels, and decreased glucose levels. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed leptomeningeal enhancement and nodular lesions measuring millimeters in size, with contrast enhancement in the right temporal lobe. Although the initial cultures were negative, a positive serum Brucella tube agglutination test at a 1/5120 titer, CSF analysis, and radiological findings showing neurological involvement confirmed the diagnosis of NB. The patient was treated with a triple-antibiotic regimen consisting of ceftriaxone, doxycycline, and rifampicin. This intervention resulted in complete clinical recovery and radiological resolution of the intracerebral lesions during the follow-up. This case highlights the importance of including NB in the differential diagnosis of intracerebral nodular lesions, particularly in endemic regions. This case suggests that NB, although rare, may present with intracerebral lesions that can regress with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. An integrated clinical, serological, and radiological evaluation may aid timely diagnosis, and when a rapid response to antibiotic treatment is observed, it may help reduce the need for invasive diagnostic procedures, such as brain biopsy, in selected cases. Not applicable.
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