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Amoebic Infections and Treatments / Burkholderia Infections and Melioidosis / Infectious Disease Case Reports and Treatments · Journal article
Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease · August 1, 2026
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This is a case report of a single patient with melioidosis presenting with the rare complication of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade, treated successfully with pericardiocentesis and antimicrobial therapy. The report documents a clinically important but extremely rare manifestation of a known disease endemic to tropical regions, adding to a small literature of only four previously reported cases with this presentation.
Case report. One patient with melioidosis complicated by pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade. Intervention: Pericardiocentesis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Taiwan (endemic region for Burkholderia pseudomallei).
Only four cases of melioidosis presenting with cardiac tamponade had been reported in the literature prior to this case This patient was successfully treated with pericardiocentesis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy
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This case highlights the possibility of cardiac involvement in melioidosis, particularly in endemic regions like Taiwan. Clinicians should consider melioidosis in the differential diagnosis of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade in patients from tropical and subtropical areas.
A single case report of a rare presentation of a known disease, describing clinical features and management rather than testing a hypothesis or providing comparative evidence.
As stated by the source record.
Quoted from the source exactly as published.
This case highlights the possibility of cardiac involvement in melioidosis, particularly in endemic regions like Taiwan. Clinicians should consider melioidosis in the differential diagnosis of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade in patients from tropical and subtropical areas.
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Melioidosis is a serious infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, a bacterium endemic to tropical regions, including Taiwan. The disease can involve multiple organs; however, cardiac involvement, particularly cardiac tamponade, is rare. To date, only four cases of melioidosis presenting with cardiac tamponade have been reported in the literature. Here, we report an extremely rare case of melioidosis complicated by pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade, which was successfully treated with pericardiocentesis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
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