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Life sciences · Journal article
Advances in Clinical Medical Research · October 9, 2026
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Background: Metabolic syndrome is a collection of conditions that occur together and often includes increased bloodpressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat, and abnormal cholesterol levels. MetS has traditionally been viewed primarily asa cardiovascular and metabolic disorder, but its association with reduced kidney function is gaining recognition. The coexistenceof insulin resistance, hypertension, dysglycaemia, obesity and atherogenic dyslipidaemia may interfere with renalblood flow and glomerular function. The aim is to determine the association of metabolic syndrome with conventional renalfunction parameters in adults attending a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: We conducted a comparative crosssectionalanalytical study among 360 adults. Of these 360 adults, 180 had metabolic syndrome. The other 180 were age- andsex-matched controls. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) 2006 criteria.Parameters were recorded based on demographic and biochemical data. Serum creatinine, blood urea, blood urea nitrogen,estimated glomerular filtration rate and serum uric acid are included in routine renal assessment. We compared the MetS andControl groups using an independent-samples t-test. We considered p < 0.05 statistically significant. Results: Participantswith MetS had significantly higher body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hipratio, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure than controls. Serum creatinine was significantly higher amongparticipants with MetS than controls (1.01 ± 0.20 vs 0.90 ± 0.16 mg/dL; p<0.001). Both blood urea and BUN weresignificantly elevated (p <0.001), at 32.25 ± 8.12 and 15.06 ± 3.80, respectively. In contrast, eGFR declined significantly inthe MetS group. 80.04 ± 19.80 vs. 88.47 ± 18.49 mL/min/1.73 m²; p<0.001. Serum uric acid was significantly higher in theMetS group than in the non-MetS group (6.31±1.09 vs 5.14±0.95 mg/dL; p < 0.001). Conclusion: MetS was associated withan adverse classical renal biochemical profile, characterized by higher serum creatinine, blood urea, BUN, and serum uricacid, and lower eGFR. These findings highlight that even those without clinically evident kidney disease can benefit fromrenal assessment in people with MetS.All metabolic syndrome components except uric acid predict a decline in kidney function and can be monitored throughserum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), eGFR, and uric acid; however, obesity and hypertension are the components ofmetabolic syndrome most strongly linked to chronic kidney disease.Keywords: Metabolic