Loading
Life sciences · Journal article
Frontiers in Nutrition · October 29, 2026
No summary has been generated for this record yet. What follows is drawn from its source metadata only.
Journal article.
No findings were extractable from the material analysed.
Safety was not reported in the material analysed. Check the source before drawing any conclusion about harm.
The source did not state who this applies to in practice.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
This record has not been graded across any dimension yet. Treat the label above as provisional and read the source.
What is missing. This record has no bottom line, key findings, reported figures, evidence dimensions. That is a gap in the analysis, not a judgement about the study.
Introduction This study aimed to compare the effects of time-restricted feeding and caloric restriction on glycemic control, adipose tissue IL-6 immunoreactivity, and behavioral outcomes in rats with obesity induced by a high-sugar diet. Methods A total of 40 adult male Wistar rats (approximately 80 days old) were randomized into two groups (initially): a control group (CG, n = 10), fed a standard diet, and an obese group (OG, n = 30), fed a high-sugar diet (HSD) for 13 weeks to induce obesity. Subsequently, animals were randomized into four experimental groups: control (CG, n = 10), obese (OG, n = 10), obese with caloric restriction (OCR, n = 10), and obese with time-restricted feeding (OTRF, n = 10), and subjected to their respective interventions for 4 weeks. Results OCR produced the most pronounced metabolic benefits, significantly reducing body weight, the area under the curve (AUC) of the insulin tolerance test (ITT), insulin resistance, fasting glucose, insulin and leptin levels, adiposity index, adipocyte area, and IL-6 immunopositive area (all p < 0.05), while increasing locomotor and exploratory behavior. Conversely, OTRF primarily modified behavioral outcomes, with increased swimming and reduced immobility in the forced swim test, and also reduced insulin resistance, fasting glucose, insulin and leptin levels (all p < 0.05). OTRF also reduced adipose tissue IL-6 immunoreactivity but did not significantly reduce adipocyte size. Localized hippocampal morphological alterations were observed in OTRF rats. Discussion Caloric restriction was more effective in improving metabolic outcomes, whereas TRF primarily modified behavioral parameters, indicating distinct responses to these dietary interventions.