Life sciences · Journal article
Ukrainian Dental Almanac · September 30, 2026
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The effectiveness of treating infectious diseases in surgical dental practice depends directly on the rational use of antibacterial therapy. This article presents a review of scientific data, information from fundamental pharmacology textbooks recommended for students enrolled in the Dentistry program, and materials from the current Standard of Medical Care “Rational Use of Antibacterial and Antifungal Drugs for Therapeutic and Prophylactic Purposes” (2023). The aim of this review was to analyze current trends in the modification of antibacterial therapy for infectious and inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region, with the goal of reducing the spread of antimicrobial resistance to antibacterial drugs. The article reviews current information on the state of antimicrobial resistance worldwide and in Ukraine and describes the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying its development. It outlines the principles of empirical antibacterial therapy and current standards for the use of antibacterial drugs, including combination therapy, as well as measures for monitoring the efficacy and safety of treatment. The findings of this review may help clinicians improve the effectiveness of treatment for infectious and inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region and preserve the efficacy of antibacterial drugs in the context of increasing antimicrobial resistance. In their clinical practice, dentists should adhere to the principles of rational prescribing of antibacterial drugs and modify antibacterial therapy when necessary. To counter the development of antimicrobial resistance, antibacterial drugs should be administered responsibly and in accordance with established principles of antimicrobial stewardship. The treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region requires continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance at the regional level and within individual healthcare facilities.