Loading
Life sciences · Journal article
BMC Infectious Diseases · September 2, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This 4-year prospective cohort of 857 PLHIV in Shanghai found a baseline TBI prevalence of 6.8% and an active TB incidence of 84.33 per 100,000 person-years (one case). Participants with indeterminate baseline IGRA results carried elevated risk of IGRA conversion or active TB. The authors conclude that universal preventive treatment is inefficient in this low-TB-prevalence setting and recommend targeted screening based on local epidemiology.
Prospective cohort study. People living with HIV enrolled from two districts in Shanghai, China. 963 enrolled, 857 completed baseline assessments (857 analysed for baseline prevalence, 615 for follow-up outcomes).. Intervention: Baseline and annual IGRA testing. n = 857. Two districts in Shanghai, China.
Baseline TBI prevalence was 6.8% (58/857 participants) IGRA conversion rate during follow-up was 1.75% per person-year among 615 participants Active TB incidence was 84.33 per 100,000 person-years (1 case diagnosed)
Safety was not reported in the material analysed. Check the source before drawing any conclusion about harm.
Clinicians in low-TB-prevalence settings should consider targeted screening strategies rather than universal preventive treatment for PLHIV. Participants with indeterminate IGRA results warrant closer clinical follow-up, as they carry elevated TB risk; however, this finding requires validation in larger cohorts before informing routine practice.
A single-centre observational cohort study with low event rates (one active TB case) and indeterminate IGRA results limiting clinical inference; provides local epidemiological data but insufficient power to establish a screening algorithm or guide practice change.
As stated by the source record.
Quoted from the source exactly as published.
Clinicians in low-TB-prevalence settings should consider targeted screening strategies rather than universal preventive treatment for PLHIV. Participants with indeterminate IGRA results warrant closer clinical follow-up, as they carry elevated TB risk; however, this finding requires validation in larger cohorts before informing routine practice.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
Abstract Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis / human immunodeficiency virus (TB/HIV) co-infection remains a significant global public health challenge. In areas with a lower incidence of TB and HIV, how to elevate screening efficiency while maintaining cost-effectiveness worth further exploration. This study aimed to provide a suitable algorism for TB prevention and intervention among people who live with HIV (PLHIV) in Shanghai based on a cohort study. Methods A 4-year cohort study was conducted from May 2019 to December 2024, enrolling PLHIV from two districts in Shanghai. Participants underwent baseline and annual follow-up assessments using interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) and questionnaires. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. Results Among 963 enrolled participants, 857 completed baseline assessments. The baseline TBI prevalence was 6.8% (58/857). Older age and higher CD4 + T-cell count were associated with TBI. During a mean follow-up of 788 days among 615 participants, the IGRA conversion rate was 1.75% per person-year. One case of active TB was diagnosed (incidence rate: 84.33 per 100,000 person-years), occurring in a participant with an indeterminate baseline IGRA result. Participants with indeterminate baseline results had a significantly higher risk of subsequent IGRA conversion or active TB compared to those with negative results. Conclusion Given the low prevalence of latent TB infection and active TB among PLHIV in Shanghai, universal preventive treatment is not optimally efficient. The high rate of indeterminate IGRA results at baseline requires focused clinical assessment. A targeted screening and preventive treatment strategy based on local epidemiology and resources should be developed to enhance TB prevention in this population.
Taken from the source record, never inferred. Follow any of these and new work involving them reaches your briefing.