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Life sciences · Journal article
Russian Journal of Immunology · October 31, 2026
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Over the past decades, the rise of cardiometabolic pathologies, including, in addition to cardiovascular diseases, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia, has remained a pressing concern. The JAK/STAT (Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in regulating metabolic target organs, contributing to the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disorders. A thorough study of JAK/STAT signaling may be helpful in combating cardiometabolic disorders. The aim of this work was to evaluate the levels of STAT1 and STAT3 proteins, important components of the JAK/ STAT signaling system, in blood serum of persons with cardiometabolic disorders. Eighty-three overweight/obese patients (37 men and 46 women) with arterial hypertension and hyperlipidemia were examined. The control group consisted of 42 healthy subjects with normal weight and no detectable cardiometabolic disorders. All subjects underwent clinical, laboratory, and immunological studies, including evaluation of STAT1 and STAT3 levels in the serum. Decreased STAT1 and STAT3 levels were observed in both the overweight and obese groups, thus confirming relationship between JAK/STAT signaling and various pathological processes occurring in patients with cardiometabolic diseases. An analysis of the correlations between STAT protein levels and clinical/laboratory data revealed statistically significant associations between STAT1 and lipid profile parameters, and correlations between STAT3 and white blood cell counts in the overweight subjects. In obese patients, the statistically significant associations were found between STAT1 and blood pressure, and between STAT3 and triglyceride levels. The obtained data confirm a relationship of STAT1 and STAT3 proteins with cardiometabolic pathology. Changes in their levels showed correlations with various pathological links in humans, being closely bound with other signaling systems, thus requiring further studies in the field.