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Life sciences · Journal article
Medical Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies · November 5, 2026
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In clinical practice, otitis media continues to be a leading cause of antibiotic prescriptions and is one of the mostprevalent infectious illnesses in the world, especially in children. The disease includes a variety of conditionswith varying etiologies and treatments, such as acute otitis media (AOM), otitis media with effusion (OME), andchronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). Antibiotics continue to be the mainstay of treatment, but their overuseand incorrect use have generated antimicrobial resistance, decreasing treatment efficacy and complicating illnessoutcomesThis review addresses the current information on otitis media in children, with a focus on comparativeeffectiveness, antibiotic selection, and new developments in resistance. It emphasises the need for sensibleantibiotic usage and the incorporation of preventive strategies like vaccination and antibiotic stewardship, whilealso highlighting evidence-based treatment recommendations from international guidelines. Long-termTherapeutic results could be improved by future approaches that emphasise innovative antibacterialdevelopment, resistance monitoring, and diagnostic precision.This review attempts to encourage better knowledge, accountability, and efficient treatment of otitis media inboth pediatric and adult populations by combining the most recent data on antibiotic efficacy and resistance.