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Infection Control and Ventilation · Journal article
Biomass · August 11, 2026
Early or partial results. Treat as a signal, not a conclusion.
This scoping review of 143 studies characterizes thermal efficiency and emissions across 13 cookstove technologies and reveals that engineering, epidemiology, and social science research remain isolated communities with no technology simultaneously integrating computational validation, field emissions, and clinical impact evaluation. The work identifies a critical research gap—the absence of integrated designs connecting fluid dynamics, exposure modeling, clinical follow-up, and sociocultural assessment—rather than demonstrating an intervention effect or clinical benefit.
Scoping review with bibliometric analysis. Peer-reviewed studies on cookstove technologies, emissions, modeling, and sociocultural adoption published between 2007 and 2025.. Intervention: Cookstove technologies including direct combustion stoves, TLUD gasifiers, and forced-draft systems; CFD modeling approaches; Water Boiling Tests and emissions protocols.. n = 143.
Approximately 2.3 billion people cook over open fires or basic stoves, generating indoor air pollution responsible for 3.7 million premature deaths annually Direct combustion stoves achieve thermal efficiencies of 10–21% under real-world conditions TLUD gasifiers and forced-draft systems with densified fuels reach 30–47% thermal efficiency
Safety was not reported in the material analysed. Check the source before drawing any conclusion about harm.
This review does not report clinical outcomes or directly inform clinical practice. It serves as a research roadmap, highlighting that no current cookstove technology or research program has demonstrated an integrated approach linking engineering performance to measured health impact, and emphasizing the need for future work to bridge this gap.
A scoping review mapping evidence across three disconnected domains; identifies gaps and research needs rather than answering a clinical or intervention question, lacking a synthesis of comparative effectiveness or health outcomes.
As stated by the source record.
Quoted from the source exactly as published.
This review does not report clinical outcomes or directly inform clinical practice. It serves as a research roadmap, highlighting that no current cookstove technology or research program has demonstrated an integrated approach linking engineering performance to measured health impact, and emphasizing the need for future work to bridge this gap.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
Approximately 2.3 billion people still cook over open fires or on basic stoves using polluting fuels, generating indoor air pollution responsible for 3.7 million premature deaths annually. Progress toward real-world health impact has been constrained by a persistent disconnect between computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling, standardized experimental evaluation, and sociocultural adoption research. This scoping review maps the current state of evidence across these three domains, analyzing 143 peer-reviewed studies published between 2007 and 2025 using predefined inclusion criteria and bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer v.1.6.20. Thirteen cookstove technologies were characterized by compiling heterogeneous evidence from Water Boiling Tests (WBTs), CFD simulations with k-ε turbulence closure, and CO and PM2.5 emission protocols. Direct combustion stoves achieve thermal efficiencies of 10–21% under real-world conditions, while TLUD gasifiers and forced-draft systems with densified fuels reach 30–47%. Bibliometric analysis reveals that engineering, epidemiology, and social sciences operate as isolated research communities. None of the technology reviewed simultaneously integrated computational validation, field emissions assessment, and clinical impact evaluation; this a gap remains the central barrier to translating laboratory performance into measurable public health outcomes. These findings point toward integrated research designs connecting fluid dynamic optimization with exposure modeling, clinical follow-up, and the sociocultural needs of communities.
Taken from the source record, never inferred. Follow any of these and new work involving them reaches your briefing.