Loading
Life sciences · Journal article
Current Gene Therapy · September 14, 2026
No summary has been generated for this record yet. What follows is drawn from its source metadata only.
Journal article.
No findings were extractable from the material analysed.
Safety was not reported in the material analysed. Check the source before drawing any conclusion about harm.
The source did not state who this applies to in practice.
Graded across the dimensions that decide whether you should act, each from what the source actually supports. There is no single score, and where a dimension was not assessed it says so.
This record has not been graded across any dimension yet. Treat the label above as provisional and read the source.
What is missing. This record has no bottom line, key findings, reported figures, evidence dimensions. That is a gap in the analysis, not a judgement about the study.
Background: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the major histological subtype. Although chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, and immune checkpoint blockade have improved outcomes in selected patients, therapeutic resistance, tumor heterogeneity, systemic toxicity, and limited responsiveness still restrict durable clinical benefit. This review critically evaluates nanocarrier-mediated gene delivery for gene regulation, combination therapy, and resistance reversal in NSCLC. Methods: As a narrative review, this article integrates studies on nucleic acid nanomedicine relevant to NSCLC using a barrier-payload-resistance-translation framework, focusing on payload compatibility, intracellular trafficking, endosomal escape, immune safety, pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and translational feasibility. Results: Small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA), antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) systems can modulate oncogenic signaling, resistance-associated pathways, and the tumor immune microenvironment. However, effective delivery requires overcoming nuclease degradation, mononuclear phagocyte clearance, heterogeneous tumor accumulation, stromal barriers, inefficient cellular uptake, insufficient endosomal escape, immune activation, and uncertain pharmacokinetic and biodistribution profiles. Discussion: This review discusses lipid-based, polymeric, inorganic, bio-derived, and viral systems according to payload compatibility, intracellular delivery requirements, safety, and clinical feasibility. Particular emphasis is placed on resistance mechanisms beyond classical multidrug efflux, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem cell-associated resistance, DNA damage repair, bypass activation of targeted therapy pathways, immune escape, and metabolic reprogramming. Conclusion: Future nanocarrier-based gene therapy for NSCLC should move beyond material innovation toward barrier-informed, resistance-matched, biomarker-guided, and clinically scalable precision nanomedicine.